Holocene

The Holocene () is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.

The dunes are part of a belt of Holocene coastal aeolian dunefields that extend along the Eastern Mediterranean.

Geologically the cays are young, having developed during the Holocene period, they are mostly around 5000 years old.

Most existing estuaries originated during the Holocene epoch with the flooding of river-eroded or glacially scoured valleys when the sea level began to rise about 10,000-12,000 years ago.

With the melting of the ice caps, the sea level rose, reaching the current coast line around the beginning of the Holocene era, approximately 7,000 years ago.

Its underlying strata were formed by Pliocene and Pleistocene lava flows covered by Holocene sedimentary deposits.

There have been andesitic and dacitic Pleistocene and Holocene eruptions from vents at or near the summit.

Licancabur formed on top of ignimbrites produced by other volcanoes, and has been active during the Holocene.

The site consists of approximately 100 Holocene patch reefs clustered on a Pleistocene ridge of limestone and is composed predominantly of boulder star corals (Montastraea annularis).

The mountain is built up from non-alkali mafic and pyroclastic volcanic rocks dating from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene.

The volcano began erupting during the Pliocene and was active into the late Pleistocene and the Holocene.

Ojos del Salado was volcanically active during the Pleistocene and Holocene, during which it mainly produced lava flows.

Pico de Orizaba evolved in three stages, the most recent initiated about 16,000 years ago during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.

Aside from mystic stories and legends, the earth pyramid in Kuklica was formed as a result of natural erosion processes in the Holocene, during the past 100,000 years.

The volcanic activity was the result of a continental hotspot that arose during the Oligocene and continued in some places until the Holocene, creating fumaroles, hot springs, mud pools and deposits of natron and sulfur.

Holocene