The Masalembu Islands are a small archipelago in the Java Sea north of Madura, Indonesia, positioned midway between Madura and Borneo. The group comprises three main islands, Masalembu, Masakambing and Karamian, spanning about 40.85 square kilometers of low sandy terrain with limited freshwater and a tropical climate that supports rainforest, mangrove and scrubland vegetation. Administered as part of Sumenep Regency in East Java, the islands had a population of about 25,809 in the 2020 census, mostly Madurese and Bugis people supported by fishing, coconut, corn and cassava farming, and tourism, and the group is also habitat for an endangered cockatoo species.
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