The Bacan Islands are an archipelago in the Moluccas of Indonesia, lying south of Ternate and southwest of Halmahera, covering about 2,719 square kilometers within South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province. The main island consists of two mountainous sections joined by a low isthmus, built of sandstone, limestone and pebbly conglomerate, with hot springs providing evidence of past volcanic activity, and its highest point, Mount Sibela, reaches 2,111 meters. Bacan was historically one of the four kingdoms of Maluku, alongside Ternate, Tidore and Jailolo, with its ruling elite converting to Islam in the late fifteenth century before Portuguese traders arrived in 1513 and the Dutch East India Company took control by 1609; the islands also mark the easternmost natural range of any primate, a black macaque also found on Sulawesi.
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