Novaya Zemlya effect

The Novaya Zemlya effect is a polar mirage caused by strong refraction of sunlight between atmospheric thermal layers. It gives the impression that the sun is rising earlier than it actually should, and depending on conditions can present the Sun as a line or a square, sometimes called the rectangular sun, made up of flattened hourglass shapes. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/