Sierra Negra (Galapagos)

Sierra Negra is a large shield volcano at the southeastern end of Isabela Island in Ecuador's Galapagos archipelago, reaching 1,124 meters. It holds the largest caldera of any Galapagos volcano, measuring 7.2 by 9.3 kilometers, with a complex floor that includes a 14-kilometer-long ridge and a fumarolic area called Volcan de Azufre, where rare native sulfur flows occur. Sierra Negra is one of the most active volcanoes in the Galapagos, with eruptions recorded in 1911, 1948, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1963, 1979, 2005 and, most recently, beginning June 26, 2018; scientists using supercomputer models had predicted that 2018 eruption roughly five months before it occurred.